TOP 100 QTP REAL TIME INTERVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

 QTP REAL TIME INTERVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

Full form of QTP?

Quick Test Professional

What’s the QTP?
QTP is Mercury Interactive Functional Testing Tool.

What’s the basic concept of QTP?
QTP is based on two concept-

• Recording

• Playback

Which scripting language used by QTP?
QTP using VB scripting.

How many types of recording facility are available in QTP?
QTP provides three types of recording methods-

• Context Recording (Normal)

• Analog Recording

• Low Level Recording

How many types of Parameters are available in QTP?
QTP provides three types of Parameter-

• Method Argument

• Data Driven

• Dynamic

What’s the QTP testing process?
QTP testing process consist of seven steps-

• Preparing to recoding

• Recording

• Enhancing your script

• Debugging

• Run

• Analyze

• Report Defects

What’s the Active Screen?
It provides the snapshots of your application as it appeared when you performed a certain steps during recording session.

What’s the Test Pane?
Test Pane contains Tree View and Expert View tabs.

What’s Data Table?
It assists to you about parameterizing the test.

What’s the Test Tree?
It provides graphical representation of your operations which you have performed with your application.

Which all environment QTP supports?

ERP/ CRM
Java/ J2EE
VB, .NET
Multimedia, XML
Web Objects, ActiveX controls
SAP, Oracle, Siebel, PeopleSoft
Web Services, Terminal Emulator
IE, NN, AOL

How can you view the Test Tree?

The Test Tree is displayed through Tree View tab.

What’s the Expert View?

Expert View display the Test Script.

Which keyword used for Nornam Recording?

F3

Which keyword used for run the test script?

F5

Which keyword used for stop the recording?

F4

Which keyword used for Analog Recording?

Ctrl+Shift+F4

Which keyword used for Low Level Recording?

Ctrl+Shift+F3

Which keyword used for switch between Tree View and Expert View?

Ctrl+Tab

Note:

> QTP records each steps you perform and generates a test tree and test script.

> QTP records in normal recording mode.

> If you are creating a test on web object, you can record your test on one browser and run it on another browser.

> Analog Recording and Low Level Recording require more disk sapce than normal recording mode.

What’s the Transaction?

You can measure how long it takes to run a section of your test by defining transactions.

Where you can view the results of the checkpoint?

You can view the results of the checkpoints in the Test Result Window.

Note:

If you want to retrieve the return value of a checkpoint (a boolean value that indicates whether the checkpoint passed or failed) you must add parentheses around the checkpoint argument in the statement in the Expert View.

What’s the Standard Checkpoint?

Standard Checkpoints checks the property value of an object in your application or web page.

Which environment are supported by Standard Checkpoint?

Standard Checkpoint are supported for all add-in environments.

What’s the Image Checkpoint?

Image Checkpoint check the value of an image in your application or web page.

Which environments are supported by Image Checkpoint?

Image Checkpoint are supported only Web environment.

What’s the Bitmap Checkpoint?

Bitmap Checkpoint checks the bitmap images in your web page or application.

Which enviornment are supported by Bitmap Checkpoints?

Bitmap checkpoints are supported all add-in environment.

What’s the Table Checkpoints?

Table Checkpoint checks the information with in a table.

Which environments are supported by Table Checkpoint?

Table Checkpoints are supported only ActiveX environment.

What’s the Text Checkpoint?

Text Checkpoint checks that a test string is displayed in the appropriate place in your application or on web page.

Which environment are supported by Test Checkpoint?

Text Checkpoint are supported all add-in environments

  

 What are the features and benefits of Quick Test Pro(QTP)?

1. Key word driven testing
2. Suitable for both client server and web based application
3. VB script as the script language
4. Better error handling mechanism
5. Excellent data driven testing features

How to handle the exceptions using recovery scenario manager in QTP?

You can instruct QTP to recover unexpected events or errors that occurred in your testing environment during test run. Recovery scenario manager provides a wizard that guides you through the defining recovery scenario. Recovery scenario has three steps
1. Triggered Events
2. Recovery steps
3. Post Recovery Test-Run

What is the use of Text output value in QTP?

Output values enable to view the values that the application talks during run time. When parameterized, the values change for each iteration. Thus by creating output values, we can capture the values that the application takes for each run and output them to the data table. 

How to use the Object spy in QTP 8.0 version?

There are two ways to Spy the objects in QTP
1) Thru file toolbar: In the File ToolBar click on the last toolbar button (an icon showing a person with hat).
2) Thru Object repository Dialog: In Objectrepository dialog click on the button “object spy…” In the Object spy Dialog click on the button showing hand symbol. The pointer now changes in to a hand symbol and we have to point out the object to spy the state of the object. If at all the object is not visible or window is minimized then hold the Ctrl button and activate the required window to and release the Ctrl button. 

 What is the file extension of the code file and object repository file in QTP? 
File extension of
Per test object rep: filename.mtr
Shared Object rep: filename.tsr
Code file extension id: script.mts

Explain the concept of object repository and how QTP recognizes objects?

Object Repository: displays a tree of all objects in the current component or in the current action or entire test( depending on the object repository mode you selected).
we can view or modify the test object description of any test object in the repository or to add new objects to the repository.
Quicktest learns the default property values and determines in which test object class it fits. If it is not enough it adds assistive properties, one by one to the description until it has compiled the unique description. If no assistive properties are available, then it adds a special Ordianl identifier such as objects location on the page or in the source code.

What are the properties you would use for identifying a browser and page when using descriptive programming?

“name” would be another property apart from “title” that we can use. OR
We can also use the property “micClass”.
ex: Browser(“micClass:=browser”).page(“micClass:=page”)

What are the different scripting languages you could use when working with QTP?

You can write scripts using following languages:
Visual Basic (VB), XML, JavaScript, Java, HTML

Tell some commonly used Excel VBA functions.

Common functions are:
Coloring the cell, Auto fit cell, setting navigation from link in one cell to other saving

Explain the keyword createobject with an example.

Creates and returns a reference to an Automation object
syntax: CreateObject(servername.typename [, location])
Arguments
servername:Required. The name of the application providing the object.
typename : Required. The type or class of the object to create.
location : Optional. The name of the network server where the object is to be created. 

 Explain in brief about the QTP Automation Object Model.

Essentially all configuration and run functionality provided via the QuickTest interface is in some way represented in the QuickTest automation object model via objects, methods, and properties. Although a one-on-one comparison cannot always be made, most dialog boxes in QuickTest have a corresponding automation object, most options in dialog boxes can be set and/or retrieved using the corresponding object property, and most menu commands and other operations have corresponding automation methods. You can use the objects, methods, and properties exposed by the QuickTest automation object model, along with standard programming elements such as loops and conditional statements to design your program. 

 How to handle dynamic objects in QTP?

QTP has a unique feature called Smart Object Identification/recognition. QTP generally identifies an object by matching its test object and run time object properties. QTP may fail to recognize the dynamic objects whose properties change during run time. Hence it has an option of enabling Smart Identification, wherein it can identify the objects even if their properties changes during run time.
Check out this: 
If QuickTest is unable to find any object that matches the recorded object description, or if it finds more than one object that fits the description, then QuickTest ignores the recorded description, and uses the Smart Identification mechanism to try to identify the object.
While the Smart Identification mechanism is more complex, it is more flexible, and thus, if configured logically, a Smart Identification definition can probably help QuickTest identify an object, if it is present, even when the recorded description fails.

The Smart Identification mechanism uses two types of properties: 
Base filter properties – The most fundamental properties of a particular test object class; those whose values cannot be changed without changing the essence of the original object. For example, if a Web link’s tag was changed from to any other value, you could no longer call it the same object. Optional filter properties – Other properties that can help identify objects of a particular class as they are unlikely to change on a regular basis, but which can be ignored if they are no longer applicable.

What is a Run-Time Data Table? Where can I find and view this table?

In QTP, there is data table used, which is used at runtime.
-In QTP, select the option View->Data table.
-This is basically an excel file, which is stored in the folder of the test created, its name is Default.xls by default.

How does Parameterization and Data-Driving relate to each other in QTP?

To data driven we have to parameterize. i.e. we have to make the constant value as parameter, so that in each interaction(cycle) it takes a value that is supplied in run-time data table. Through parameterization only we can drive a transaction (action) with different sets of data. You know running the script with the same set of data several times is not suggested, and it’s also of no use.

What is the difference between Call to Action and Copy Action.?

Call to Action: The changes made in Call to Action, will be reflected in the original action (from where the script is called). But where as in Copy Action , the changes made in the script ,will not effect the original script(Action)

Explain the concept of how QTP identifies object.

During recording qtp looks at the object and stores it as test object. For each test object QT learns a set of default properties called mandatory properties, and look at the rest of the objects to check whether this properties are enough to uniquely identify the object. During test run, QTP searches for the run time objects that matches with the test object it learned while recording.

Differentiate the two Object Repository Types of QTP.

Object repository is used to store all the objects in the application being tested.
Types of object repository: Per action and shared repository.
In shared repository only one centralized repository for all the tests. where as in per action for each test a separate per action repository is created.

What the differences are and best practical application of Object Repository?

Per Action: For Each Action, one Object Repository is created.
Shared: One Object Repository is used by entire application

Explain what the difference between Shared Repository and Per Action Repository

Shared Repository: Entire application uses one Object Repository , that similar to Global GUI Map file in WinRunner
Per Action: For each Action, one Object Repository is created, like GUI map file per test in WinRunner

Have you ever written a compiled module? If yes tell me about some of the functions that you wrote.

Sample answer (You can tell about modules you worked on. If your answer is Yes then You should expect more questions and should be able to explain those modules in later questions): I Used the functions for Capturing the dynamic data during runtime. Function used for Capturing Desktop, browser and pages.

 Can you do more than just capture and playback?

Sample answer (Say Yes only if you worked on): I have done Dynamically capturing the objects during runtime in which no recording, no playback and no use of repository is done AT ALL.
-It was done by the windows scripting using the DOM(Document Object Model) of the windows.

 How to do the scripting. Are there any inbuilt functions in QTP? What is the difference between them? How to handle script issues?

Yes, there’s an in-built functionality called “Step Generator” in Insert->Step->Step Generator -F7, which will generate the scripts as you enter the appropriate steps.

 What is the difference between check point and output value?

An output value is a value captured during the test run and entered in the run-time but to a specified location.
EX:-Location in Data Table[Global sheet / local sheet]

How many types of Actions are there in QTP?

There are three kinds of actions:
Non-reusable action – An action that can be called only in the test with which it is stored, and can be called only once.
Reusable action – An action that can be called multiple times by the test with which it is stored (the local test) as well as by other tests.
External action – A reusable action stored with another test. External actions are read-only in the calling test, but you can choose to use a local, editable copy of the Data Table information for the external action.

I want to open a Notepad window without recording a test and I do not want to use System utility Run command as well. How do I do this?

You can still make the notepad open without using the record or System utility script, just by mentioning the path of the notepad “( i.e. where the notepad.exe is stored in the system) in the “Windows Applications Tab” of the “Record and Run Settings window.

How qtp identify two objects having same name, supose 

objects are in same page also with same name,specify spl 

feature.

BY using index property u can define the same objects

 QuickTest can use the following types of ordinal

identifiers to identify an object: 

Index. Indicates the order in which the object appears in the application code relative to other 

objects with an otherwise identical description. For more information, see Identifying an Object

Using the Index Property.Location. Indicates the order in which the object appears within the 

parent window, frame, or dialog box relative to other objects with an otherwise identical

description. For more information, see Identifying an Object Using the Location Property.

CreationTime. (Browser object only.) Indicates the order in which the browser was opened relative

to other open browsers with an otherwise identical description. For more information, see 

Identifying an Object Using the CreationTime Property.