QTP Questions
& Answers
1) Explain about your Company’s
Automation Framework?
2) What are the important
factors in test tool selection?
a. Technical factors:
i. Nature of the AUT (Application Under Test)
ii. Tool Features (Facilities available)
iii. Availability of Skilled professionals
iv. Organizations experience
v. Technical support from vendor
b. Business factors:
i. Budget
ii. Vendor’s Reputation
iii. Client’s Interest
i. Nature of the AUT (Application Under Test)
ii. Tool Features (Facilities available)
iii. Availability of Skilled professionals
iv. Organizations experience
v. Technical support from vendor
b. Business factors:
i. Budget
ii. Vendor’s Reputation
iii. Client’s Interest
3) What test cases can be
automated?
Test cases that we want to execute on number of versions of the software
Ex: Regression test cases
Test cases that we want to execute with multiple sets of data
Ex: Data driven test cases
Test cases having complex functionality
4) What test cases cannot be
automated?
o Dynamically changing functionality
o Test cases that require more Human interaction
o CUI (command user interface) based test cases
5) Explain about the Testing
process in QTP?
Planning:
o Analyzing the Application
o Automation Framework Implementation
o Selecting/Generating Test cases for Automation
o Collecting Test Data
o Configuring Tool Settings
Generating the basic tests
Using Object Repository method or using Descriptive Programming, we can generate Tests
Enhancing Tests
With respect to our project requirements, we have to enhance our tests. For enhancing tests QTP is providing various features like:
o Inserting Transaction points
o Synchronization
o Parameterization
o Inserting VB script Flow Control statements
o Adding comments
o Calling Functions/ calling Actions
o Using Environment variables
o Entering Regular Expressions
o Inserting Checkpoints
o Inserting Output values
Etc..
Note: For any Test all enhancement methods not required.
Debugging Tests (if required)
It is optional; basically scripting languages are Light weight languages, no need to compile them separately. During execution Scripts can be compiled and Run.
If we have any doubts about some scripts, then we can execute them step by step with the support of VBScript Debug commands and Break points
Running tests
Generally, many companies are using Framework feature for Running Tests.
QTP Supports Individual Test execution, Batch execution, Tests execution through AOM Scripting, and Scheduled execution with the support of Windows Operating system.
Analyzing Results
It is not the Responsibility of QTP; Test engineer has to do this manually.
QTP is providing Result window in XML format.
QTP is providing Result deletion tool also.
QTP is providing Test results exporting facility. It supports HTML, Word document and PDF (portable document format) formats.
Reporting defects
Reporting defects also not a QTP responsibility that we have to do manually after analyzing the results, but if we are using Quality Center, from QTP result window we can send defects directly.
6) Explain about the object
identification configuration process in QuickTest?
7) What types of License
available for QTP?
a) Seat License or Node locked:
Fixed for one System (Machine), we can use from that System only
b) Concurrent License or Floating License:
This License, we can use from different Systems but one at a time
TOP 50 REALTIME QTP SCRIPTS
8) How to generate Basic
scripts/tests from Manual Test cases in QTP?
For generating basic tests QTP
is providing 1) Object repository 2) Descriptive Programming
a) Object repository:
Recording (Local Repository)
And/or Shared object Repository
b) Descriptive programming or Programmatic Descriptions
a) Object repository:
Recording (Local Repository)
And/or Shared object Repository
b) Descriptive programming or Programmatic Descriptions
9) What is the difference
between Local and Shared object Repository?
Local: QTP creates a Local Repository for every Action during Recording automatically
It can’t be shared among other tests
It’s a QTP internal file
Users no need to maintain separately (auto save)
Extension is .mtr – (mercury test repository/module test repository)
Shared: User creates shared repository by adding objects
That can be shared among number of tests
User has to maintain shared object repository files
Extension is .tsr – (test shared repository)
10) How to maintain objects in
Object Repository?
Same as above 9th
11) What is Synchronization?
It is a process of matching the
speeds of both QTP and AUT in order to get proper execution and results
12) How to synchronize QTP and AUT?
For synchronizing QTP and AUT, QTP is providing below methods (features)
o Wait statements
o Synchronizations points
o Increasing tool default synchronization time (Increase timeout)
o Sync method (Only for web)
o Using Exit property also we can use (GUI and web) – Limited usage
12) How to synchronize QTP and AUT?
For synchronizing QTP and AUT, QTP is providing below methods (features)
o Wait statements
o Synchronizations points
o Increasing tool default synchronization time (Increase timeout)
o Sync method (Only for web)
o Using Exit property also we can use (GUI and web) – Limited usage
13) How to parametrize tests?
It is a process of passing parameters for replacing constant values. In QTP several methods are available
a. Through Looping : Here some limitations are there :
We can use Looping for sequential numbers and logical numbers only, if it is a string we can’t use.
b. Through Data table
c. Fetching test data directly from external files (excel, flat files)
d. Fetching test data directly from databases
e. Fetching data from AUT objects (front-end objects)
14) How to Generate
Non-recordable steps?
Using Step Generator, we can generate non recordable steps
15) What are the benefits of Step Generator?
It’s a library of functions and utility objects. Through this we can generate recordable and non recordable steps, utility statements and built in functions.
16) How to count Links in a web
page without using page checkpoint?
Using Description object and Childobjects method
17) How to count all available
objects in a dialog box /a window/a web page?
Using Childobjects method
18) What are the major
disadvantages in record tests?
Recording disadvantages:
o It occupies a lot of memory space due to this, QTP performance will be reduced
o Modifications are very difficult
o User may not have command on the script, if any modifications are there user may not understand properly
o Recorded scripts are QTP internal files, they may corrupt.
19) What are the disadvantages
in using of checkpoints?
o They are QTP internal files we can’t use in external functions
o As they are QTP internal files they may corrupt
o As it is ready made feature, that has limited usage
20) In QuickTest Pro can we
insert Checkpoints programmatically? How?
Yes. We can insert checkpoints programmatically with the help of GetRoProperty method.
21) What are the differences
between Actions and Functions and which are better?
Actions:
o It’s a QTP feature and Local feature (not a global feature)
o We can use check points in Actions
o As it is QTP feature it may corrupt
o Actions are slow execution
Functions:
o It’s a VB script feature and global concept
o We can’t use checkpoints in functions, instead of checkpoints we can use validation points (Loops and Conditional statements)
o It doesn’t corrupt
o Functions are faster in execution than Actions
22) How create methods in QTP?
By associating procedures to test objects.
23) How to enhance tests with
windows API functions?
With the help of WSH (It is a Windows administration tool), we can use Windows API functions for enhancing Tests.
24) What are the major
differences between functions and actions in QTP? What advantages there in
functions than actions?
Read 21st question and answer.
25) What is Automation Object
Model?
It’s a process of Automating the Quick test operations. To do this we can use java script, VC++ and .NET Apart from VBscript.
26) What is Windows Script Host?
WSH is a windows administration tool, it provides hosting environment for running VBscript, Jscript scripts.
27) What is exception handling?
Handling expected and
unexpected errors during execution
28) What is the difference between constants and variables in VB Script?
We use constants for replacing literal values and constants never change.
We use variables for storing values that returned by the program, functions, etc.
Variable values may vary through out the script.
28) What is the difference between constants and variables in VB Script?
We use constants for replacing literal values and constants never change.
We use variables for storing values that returned by the program, functions, etc.
Variable values may vary through out the script.
29) How test engineer identifies
when programmatic descriptions are useful?
o If application is not ready (using screenshots and documents we can prepare descriptive programming)
o If we want to make our scripts global
o If lengthy tests are there and that we want to execute fast
30) How to retrieve data from
application objects?
Using loop statements and GetROProperty method
31) How to build scripts that
access data from external resources?
We can fetch test data directly from external files and databases by creating automation objects
Ex:ADODB, Filesystemobject
32) What is object spy used for?
It is a feature of QTP, used for getting the object’s information (all properties and values) .It is available in QTP tool main window, in Local repository and in object Repository Manager
33) What is the purpose of input
parameters?
For Passing values
34) What is an Action? How many
types of Actions are there in QTP?
Set of statements to perform a task or tasks is called an Action.
Three types of actions are there.
1. non reusable actions
2. reusable actions
3. External actions
In QTP 9.2 default action is: Non reusable
In QTP 10.0 default action is: Reusable
Example:
Let there are two tests : test:1 and test:2
In test:1 let there are two actions
a.login (reusable)and b. insert order(nonreusable)
in test:2 let there are two actions
a.open order(reusable) and b. fax order(non reusable)
If we call login action from test:1 in test :2 then login action is called External action.
In test :2 login is reusable but calling point of view its external action
35) What is a virtual object?
How to configure virtual objects?
Whenever QTP is not recognizing an area or user defined object as an object that we can make as a virtual object.
For making virtual objects QTP is providing a feature called Virtual object manager. Through this we can configure virtual objects.
36) What are dynamic objects?
The object, which properties change dynamically (frequently). We can use Regular Expressions to handle dynamic objects.
37) What is the purpose of
description object?
The purpose of description object is to store multiple properties values of a test object.
38) What is the advantage of
associating a procedure to a test object?
By associating a procedure to a test object we can use this as a method on that test object.
39) How to create a Library
File?
Open an Editor (Ex: Notepad),
Generate some script statements and save with .vbs extension.
In a library file we can put more than one function also
40) What are the disadvantages
of using actions?
o Action is a QTP tool feature that occupies QTP’s more memory space.
o It may be corrupted.
o It is not a global feature. Test engineer may not have the control on action.
41) What are the extensions of
QTP files?
o QTP Test / Test
Script(.mts){.mts=module/mercury test script}
o Local Repository file (.mtr){.mtr=module/mercury test repository}
o Shared repository files(.tsr){Test shared repository}
o Library files (.vbs)
o Environmental files (.xml)
o Test batch file (.mtb){module test batch}
o QTP result file (xml) optional: pdf, doc, xml-for reporting
o Recovery scenario file (.qrs){quick recovery scenario}
o Local Repository file (.mtr){.mtr=module/mercury test repository}
o Shared repository files(.tsr){Test shared repository}
o Library files (.vbs)
o Environmental files (.xml)
o Test batch file (.mtb){module test batch}
o QTP result file (xml) optional: pdf, doc, xml-for reporting
o Recovery scenario file (.qrs){quick recovery scenario}
42) How to handle dynamic
objects?
By using Regular expressions we can handle dynamic objects.
43) What are the differences
between checkpoint and output value?
Both are same in insertion but different in purpose.
Checkpoint is a verification point, it takes expected results from the user and compare with the actual results during execution and provides test results.
Output value captures object properties values, database content and xml elements values and stores in run time data table.
Checkpoints compare actual results with expected results, output values captures values and stores.
44) How to handle Repositories
dynamically?
With Repositoriescollection utility object, we can handle shared object repositories dynamically.
Note: on Repositoriescollection object, we can use Add, Find, Remove, and Removeall like methods.
45) What is the use of
environment variables?
Environment variables are global variables that we can use from number of tests commonly.
Whenever we want to use some variables from number of tests, instead of declaring as local variables, if we use environment variables concept then maintenance will be easy.
46) What is a Regular
Expression, where we use this feature in QTP?
Regular expression is nothing but matching patterns.
In QTP, we use this feature for identifying dynamic objects
47) What is the advantage of
Dynamic Descriptive Programming than Static?
Incase of dynamic programming Tests generation is easy and maintenance also very easy.
48) What are the limitations of
QuickTest?
a. It supports MS Windows operating environment only
b. It doesn’t support CLI Applications (Command line interface)
c. It supports IE only for generating scripts but it does not support Mozilla and other browsers. For executing tests it supports Mozilla like other browsers.
d. It has limited support for web services testing.
49) How to capture a moving
image in QTP?
50) What is Smart Identification
in QTP and explain it?
51) How many folders are created
in one Test creation in QTP?
Two folders and six files.
52) What is Description object
in QTP?
53) What are the Properties you
use for identifying a Browser, a Page when using descriptive programming?
title property for Browser
title property for Page
54) How do you measure
Transaction Time in QTP other than Using of Start and End Transaction Points?
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